UPSC Prelims 2017 · Question 88 of 99
UPSC Prelims 2017 question on Ryotwari Settlement Architects
- ExamUPSC CSE
- Year2017
- PaperGeneral Studies Paper I
- SubjectModern History
- TopicEconomic Policies of British
- DifficultyMedium
- TypeStatement
Who among the following was/were associated with the introduction of Ryotwari Settlement in India during the British Rule?
1. Lord Cornwallis
2. Alexander Read
3. Thomas Munro
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Show answer
Answer: C. 2 and 3 only
Verdict
The answer is 2 and 3 only. Alexander Read and Thomas Munro were associated with the Ryotwari settlement; Cornwallis was associated with the Permanent Settlement.
Analysis
Statements 2 and 3 are CORRECT. The ryotwari system was tried on a small scale by Captain Alexander Read in territory taken from Tipu Sultan and was subsequently developed by Thomas Munro, from where it spread across south India, settling revenue directly with the cultivator rather than with an intermediary. Statement 1 is INCORRECT. Lord Cornwallis is associated with the Permanent Settlement of 1793 in Bengal, which vested revenue collection in the zamindars.
Source
NCERT Class VIII, Our Pasts, chapter on ruling the countryside, page 29.
How to crack it
Learn the three revenue systems as a triple of name, region and settlement partner: Permanent Settlement with Cornwallis in Bengal settling with zamindars, Ryotwari with Read and Munro in Madras and Bombay settling with the cultivator, and Mahalwari with Holt Mackenzie in the North-Western Provinces settling with the village. The person, the place and the counterparty are the three angles UPSC rotates between.