UPSC Prelims 2024 · Question 77 of 97

UPSC Prelims 2024 question on PFAS Forever Chemicals

With reference to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that are used in making many consumer products, consider the following statements:

1. PFAS are found to be widespread in drinking water, food and food packaging material.

2. PFAS are not easily degraded in the environment.

3. Persistent exposure to PFAS can lead to bioaccumulation in animal bodies.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. 1 and 2 only
  2. 2 and 3 only
  3. 1 and 3 only
  4. 1, 2 and 3
Show answer

Answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

Verdict

All three statements are correct → Option (d).

Statement by statement

Statement 1 – CORRECT: PFAS are synthetic chemicals found in many products such as clothing, carpets, fabrics for furniture, adhesives, paper packaging for food, and heat-resistant/non-stick cookware. They are widespread in drinking water, food and food packaging material.

Statement 2 – CORRECT: Also known as the 'forever chemicals', PFAS are persistent (i.e., they do not break down) in the environment. Since they are used in the manufacturing of so many products, they are widespread internationally.

Statement 3 – CORRECT: People may encounter different PFAS chemicals in various ways. Over time, people may take in more of the chemicals than they excrete, a process that leads to bioaccumulation in bodies.

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