UPSC Prelims 2026 · Question 60 of 96
UPSC Prelims 2026 question on Rare Earth Critical Minerals
- ExamUPSC CSE
- Year2026
- PaperGeneral Studies Paper I
- SubjectIndian Economy
- TopicIndustry
- DifficultyEasy
- TypeStatement
Which of the following statements about Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and Critical Minerals is/are correct?
1. Modern technological innovations including Artificial Intelligence, robotics and space exploration extensively utilise Rare Earth Elements (REEs).
2. China has the highest share in mining of REEs followed by India.
3. The Government of India launched the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) in 2025 to establish a robust framework for self-reliance in the critical mineral sector.
4. Rare Earth Elements are a set of 13 metallic elements.
Select the answer using the code given below:
Show answer
Answer: A. 1 and 3 only
Verdict
Statements 1 and 3 are correct, so the answer is Option (a).
Analysis
Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and critical minerals play a vital role in advanced technologies, defense applications, and the global shift toward renewable energy systems. The global supply chains of these minerals remain heavily concentrated in a few regions, encouraging countries to secure reliable sources in order to minimize economic and strategic risks. India has identified a number of minerals as critical and strategic and has introduced targeted policies and missions to strengthen domestic exploration and acquire resources internationally.
Statement by statement
Statement 1 is correct: Modern technological advancements such as Artificial Intelligence, robotics, and space exploration make extensive use of Rare Earth Elements. REEs are essential in producing specialized components such as microchips, sensors, and high-performance magnets that are widely used in advanced technologies.
Statement 2 is incorrect: China holds the largest share in global REE mining; however, countries such as the United States or Australia generally rank next, rather than India.
Statement 3 is correct: The Government of India launched the National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM) in 2025 to create a strong framework for self-reliance in the critical minerals sector. The mission was introduced to enhance domestic exploration, support overseas acquisitions, and reduce dependence on imports of strategic minerals.
Statement 4 is incorrect: Rare Earth Elements actually comprise 17 metallic elements, including the 15 lanthanides along with scandium and yttrium, and not 13.